Ifenisha Hardware
Kungani Khetha Umhlinzeki Wezingxenyekazi Zempahla Yefenisha evela eChina?
1.Isimo seChina njengesikhungo somhlaba wonke sokukhiqiza izesekeli zefenisha sizoqiniswa nakakhulu.
Ngokushesha kokuhlanganiswa kweChina endaweni yezomnotho emhlabeni jikelele kanye nokukhuphuka ngamandla kwamandla wezomnotho, iChina isiphenduke isifunda sezomnotho esinamandla amakhulu emhlabeni. Izikhungo zezomnotho zaseChina seziphelele, ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni sekuvuthwe kakhudlwana futhi kunezindleko eziphansi zabasebenzi, sekube inzuzo yokuqhathanisa yesikhungo sokukhiqiza ifenisha yomhlaba wonke, izici zokuthuthukiswa ezigxile ekukhiqizeni ifenisha yehadiwe ziyabonakala.
Ukuqiniswa kwesimo salesi sikhungo okokuqala kubonakala ekuthengisweni kwemikhiqizo yehardware eminyakeni yamuva kugcinwe cishe ezigidigidini eziyi-100, ngokuthunyelwa kwemikhiqizo yezinsimbi engu- $ 10.44 trillion ngo-2017, 0.9 trillion ngo-2018 no-10 trillion ngo-2019. futhi amandla adonsela phansi aphakathi nendawo azoqhubeka nokuheha izikhungo zokukhiqiza zamazwe ngamazwe eChina.
2. Amaketanga ezimboni amelwe ngamaqoqo ezimboni asekhule ngokwengeziwe futhi ephelele
Ngo-1996, yanikezwa isihloko seqoqo lokuqala lezimboni. Kuze kube manje, sekuklonyeliswe amaqoqo ezimboni angama-53. Ngokwezibalo ezingaphelele, isamba somkhiqizo wezimboni zamaqoqo ezimboni angama-53 sedlule amadola ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-11, okubeke cishe abantu abayizigidi ezi-2.7 emisebenzini, nenani eliphelele labakhiqizi abacishe babe ngu-80,000. Izinga lokukhula elimaphakathi le-GDP yezimboni eminyakeni emithathu edlule lilinganiselwa ku-6%.
Ifenisha yaseShayina kanye nemikhiqizo ye-hardware yasekhishini inhloko-dolobha ye-14, i-China hardware industry base 35, ilokishi lase-China hardware 4, ingqikithi yamaqoqo ezimboni angu-53, okuyi-16 esifundazweni sase-Guangdong ibalwa ku-30.2%. Amaqoqo amakhulu ezimboni, ukuze uchungechunge lokuhlinzeka olukhuphuka nomfula lube nesikhala esanele sokuthuthukisa, kusukela ekukhiqizeni ukukhiqizwa kwesikhunta kuya ekukhiqizeni izinto zokupakisha, lonke uchungechunge lwemboni luvuthwe kakhulu futhi luphelele.
Ukwehlukaniswa kwemakethe, ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zabasebenzisi
Ihardware yasekhaya ingahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili ngokuya ngezilungiselelo ezijwayelekile nezikhethekile, okwakuqala kufaka phakathi amahingi, amaslayidi ekhabethe, izesekeli zasekhishini (izinsiza zasekhishini, isitoreji sasekhishini, njll.), lezi zokugcina zihlanganisa i-hardware yokugezela kanye nezingubo zasekhishini, njll. Phakathi kwazo, ama-hinges, ama-drawer slides asetshenziswa ifenisha yokuphila enemvamisa ephezulu futhi ngaleyo ndlela iba ebaluleke kakhulu. .
Eminyakeni yamuva, ngenxa yesidingo esikhulayo sabathengi, isidingo esikhulu kanye nezidingo eziphakeme zibekwe phambili ezesekeli zefenisha. Thatha imboni yefenisha, ikhwalithi kanye nebanga lefenisha ibonakala ngokuyinhloko ekukhetheni izesekeli zekhishi. Ukuphazamiseka kwefenisha, ngokwezinga elikhulu, ngenxa yezesekeli ze-hardware zefenisha ezikhethiwe ngokungafanele noma ukuntuleka kwesizathu. Izesekeli zekhabhinethi yekhishi ngenani lefenisha zibalelwa ku-5%, kodwa ukunethezeka okusebenzayo kubalwe ku-85%. Lokhu kukhombisa ukubaluleka kwehardware yefenisha ifenisha.
Ngaphambilini, i-hardware yasendlini igcizelela kakhulu izakhiwo zayo zemishini, ukumelana nokugqwala, ukumelana nomswakama, ukusebenza kokukhathala kwezingxenye ezihambayo, nezinye izimfanelo. Ekuhlobiseni kwanamuhla kwekhaya ngokuya kudinga ukwenziwa komuntu siqu kanye nokuphelela, ihadiwe yasekhaya akufanele nje ihlangabezane nokusebenza okukhulunywe ngenhla kodwa futhi ibe nesitayela sokuhlobisa esigqamile nesiphelele esihambisana nokuphelela.
Ukuphila kwasekhaya kuya ngokuya kubaluleke kakhulu kubantu ngabanye, futhi izidingo zokunethezeka kwekhaya ziya ngokuya ziba phezulu. Manje abantu bathemba ukuthi indlela yokuphila yevila idinga i-hardware eyengeziwe futhi enobuntu futhi ehlakaniphile. Phakathi kwazo, ukusetshenziswa kwe-hardware kuze kufike ku-35% embonini yekhabhinethi kubonakala ngokucacile. Isibonelo, ukusetshenziswa kwesilayidi esisha sekhabethe le-damping, ukufeza umthwalo oqinile wekhabethe lekhabethe, akukho ukuphindaphinda, akukho ukungalaleli, kuyilapho kunwetshwa umjikelezo wempilo yesilayidi esimanzi.
Izindleko zokukhiqiza zizophinde zinciphiswe.
Ngo-2020, umhlaba uzocekelwa phansi yi-COVID-19, okuholela ekuwohlokeni komnotho wamazwe emhlabeni jikelele. Amazwe amaningi ukuthi athathe i-lockdown ukunciphisa ukubhebhetheka kwalolu bhubhane, okuholele ekwandeni kokuziphatha kokuthenga ku-inthanethi. Ukuthenga ku-inthanethi kuyahluka ekuthengeni izitini nodaka ungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi ngoba izintengo zezimpahla zizobonakala ngale. Intengo yokudayisa e-Amazon, kukhishwa amakhomishana epulatifomu, izindleko zokugcina nezokuthutha, izindleko zokusebenza ze-e-commerce, nezindleko zokuthumela izimpahla ezithunyelwa ngaphandle, yikho okusasele kuyizindleko nenzuzo yomkhiqizi. Ngokuya emncintiswaneni phakathi kwabahwebi endaweni yesikhulumi, ukuncintisana kwentengo kuzodluliselwa nakanjani ezindlekweni zomenzi. Ngakho-ke, labo bakhiqizi abanezinga eliphezulu lokuzenzakalela, ama-SKU omkhiqizo ambalwa, kanye nesidingo esikhulu bayakwazi ukwenza inzuzo. Lokhu kudinga abahlinzeki bezinsiza zefenisha ukuthi bathuthukise izinga lokuzenzakalela futhi banciphise izindleko zezindleko zabasebenzi, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe umthamo wesisekelo sezimboni wezinsiza zosizo lwasekhishini laseShayina. Abathengisi, abathengisa izesekeli zekhabethe lasekhishini, yiqiniso, bakhathazeke kakhulu ngezindleko, futhi bafuna abakhiqizi babanikeze amanani angcono kakhulu okuncintisana esimakethe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
I-Zhang Xiaoquan scisors ingumnikezeli wezinsiza zefenisha owaziwayo e-China, kodwa bewazi yini ukuthi "manje isikelo senziwe Amarobhothi". Irobhothi endaweni yokusebenzela libamba ummese ongenalutho bese likhiqiza ngokuzenzakalelayo i-trajectory evulekile ngekhamera ukuze likhombe amakhonco, bese lilandela umgudu ukuze lipholishe futhi livule unqenqema ngemva kokuba iketango lokuthutha lihanjiswe liyiswe endaweni yokusebenza elandelayo ukuze liqedele ukugcotshwa kwe-waxing. kanye nenqubo yokupholisha. Leli sethi lamathuluzi ngobuchwepheshe obukhaliphile, izinzwa ezinamarobhothi nokugaya, unqenqema lokusika, ukupholisha, nezinye izinto zokusebenza, ziqedela ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuchamfeza kommese, ukusika, ukupholisha izinqubo ezintathu.
Ngokuzayo, abahlinzeki bezesekeli zefenisha yaseChina bazosheshisa ijubane lokuzenzakalelayo kanye nobuhlakani.
Umncintiswano wemakethe uzosuka entengo ususelwe emikhiqizweni esezingeni eliphakeme, esezingeni eliphakeme.
Ngokujula kokuncintisana, umkhawulo wenzuzo wesigaba ngasinye sochungechunge lwemboni yehadiwe uyacindezelwa, isikhala sokunciphisa amanani siyancipha. Bayanda abakhiqizi bezesekeli zefenisha bayaqaphela ukuthi ukuncintisana kwamanani kukodwa akukwazi ukusungula ukuncintisana okuyinhloko, hhayi isiqondiso sentuthuko yesikhathi eside, futhi ngaleyo ndlela balwele ukuhlola izindlela ezintsha zentuthuko.
Abakhiqizi abaningi bezesekeli zekhabethe lasekhishini bakhulisa ukutshalwa kwezimali kwezobuchwepheshe, bathuthukise imikhiqizo emisha enokuqukethwe okuphezulu kobuchwepheshe, bathathe ukuhlukaniswa komkhiqizo njengesu lesikhathi eside lokuthuthukiswa kwebhizinisi, bafune isidingo semakethe entsha, basungule amaphuzu amasha okukhula komnotho, ukuze babone intuthuko esimeme. zamabhizinisi.
6.Naka ukwakhiwa kokufakwa ezingeni
Ngo-2015, ukuqhubekisela phambili nokukhuthaza ukuguqulwa kwezimiso, uMkhandlu Wombuso WaseChina wakha “uHlelo Lokujulisa Umsebenzi Wokuguqula Umsebenzi”, owawucacisa izibopho zezinhlangano zezimboni ukuthuthukisa amazinga. I-China inezinhlangano ezimbili zokubekwa embonini, eyodwa yiNational Standardization Technical Committee ye-Hardware Products (SAC / TC174), kanti enye yi-National Standardization Technical Committee ye-Metal Catering and Cooking Appliances (SAC / TC410)
Lokhu kusheshise ukuthuthukiswa kwamazinga, namazinga kazwelonke angama-61 namazinga embonini angama-270, kusukela ngonyaka wezi-2017
Amazinga amaShayina athuthukiswa ngokususelwa ekutadisheni okugcwele kwezinga lenkomba yemikhiqizo ephezulu yomkhiqizo wamazwe omhlaba kanye namazinga e-EU, ngaphansi kobuholi kanye nokubamba iqhaza kwamabhizinisi ahamba phambili asekhaya, ukuze imikhiqizo yaseChina ibe nezinzuzo ezengeziwe zesikhathi sekwephuzile.
7.Cross-border logistics iyashesha futhi ilula ngokwengeziwe
Ngokujula kokuncintisana, umkhawulo wenzuzo wesigaba ngasinye sochungechunge lwemboni yehadiwe uyacindezelwa, isikhala sokunciphisa amanani siyancipha. Abahlinzeki abaningi bezinsiza zefenisha bayaqaphela ukuthi ukuncintisana kwamanani kukodwa akukwazi ukusungula ukuncintisana okuyinhloko, hhayi isiqondiso sentuthuko yesikhathi eside, ngaleyo ndlela balwele ukuhlola indlela entsha yentuthuko.
8.Customing clearance clearance
Njengamanje, iphethini yezomnotho womhlaba ishintsha njalo, phakathi kwalokho izinguquko ekuhlukaniseni abasebenzi ochungechungeni lwamanani omhlaba zibaluleke kakhulu. Ukwenziwa lula kwemvume yokuhwebelana kwemingcele kuyiqhaza elibalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kokuhlukaniswa kochungechunge lwenani lezinhlelo zabasebenzi. Ucwaningo emikhakheni yezemfundo nezombusazwe zithole ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa kwezinga lokuvunyelwa kwentela kanye nokwenza lula ukuhwebelana kusiza ekwandiseni izinga lemakethe futhi kukhuthaza ngokuphawulekayo ukuthuthukiswa kokushumeka kwamazwe ochungechungeni lwamanani omhlaba.
Ukuqashwa kwamasiko kuyisixhumanisi esiyinhloko kuhlelo lwezokuhweba lwamazwe omhlaba. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukuze kuthuthukiswe izinga lokuhwebelana kwamazwe omhlaba eChina, iChina Customs ibilokhu iqhubekele phambili ngokugada kwayo futhi inikezela ngezinsizakalo ezisezingeni. Kuze kube manje, iChina Customs isayine izivumelwano namazwe noma izifunda ezicishe zibe ngama-50 ekwamukeleni ngokuhlanganyela imiphumela yokulawulwa kanye nokugcinwa komthetho kweGlobal Trade Security and Facilitation Standards Framework (AEO).
Njengamanje, i-China Customs ihlongoze umgomo wokwakha we-Smart Customs, okuhloswe ngawo ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obusha obufana ne-5G exhunyiwe, i-AI, ne-cloud computing ukuze iklame ngokwesayensi imodeli entsha yokukhishwa kwechweba, kube lula inqubo yokusebenza yokukhipha intela kanye nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhipha intela.
I-China iyisikhungo sokukhiqiza emhlabeni, i-Guangdong iyisikhungo sokukhiqiza izinto zefenisha sase-China, abathengisi bomhlaba bezinto zasekhishini, abahlinzeki behadiwe yefenisha, nanka amaqoqo ezimboni amahle anomqondo omuhle “impilo engcono, intengo engcono”, Lapho uzwa khona ubuhle be-Made in China. Uma ungumsabalalisi noma umthengisi futhi ufuna ukwenza izinto eziningi zasekhishini, ungaphuthelwa.
Xhumana nathi